Manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate, classified as an inorganic phase-change material (PCM), can be used as a thermal energy storage material, saving and releasing thermal energy during its phase transitions. This review includes studies from 1999 to 2022 and provides a summary of the methods, results and recommendations for future measurements. The objective is to highlight the relevant research with a focus on DSC characterization of PCMs. The present work proposes an extensive and comprehensive review on calorimetric measurements of PCMs via the DSC method. Furthermore, the thermal stability of PCMs can be determined after a hundred cycles of melting and solidification. Among the calorimetric methods, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is widely available and accurate results can be obtained at a reasonable cost. These properties are transition temperatures, the enthalpy of transition and the heat capacity. The most important properties of PCMs that lead us to integrate them in a specific application can be determined by the calorimetric method. Calorimetric methods have an inevitable role in PCMs’ characterization methods. Due to the dependence of the storage capacity in a TES on the transition (mostly solid/liquid) of PCMs, knowing the thermal properties of PCMs is of high importance. The use of phase change materials (PCMs) in thermal energy storage (TES) applications as a system that can fill the gap between the energy supply and demand has sharply increased over recent years.
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